| CASE REPORT |
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| Year : 2022 | Volume
: 2
| Issue : 2 | Page : 117-120 |
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Suspecting neonatal severe primary hyperparathyroidism in late onset neonatal sepsis
Naseer Yousuf Mir1, S Aashiq Andrabi1, Mohd Ashraf2, Umer A Qureshi1
1 Department of Pediatrics, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
2 Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Naseer Yousuf Mir
Department of Pediatrics, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None
DOI: 10.4103/ipcares.ipcares_21_22
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Background: Neonatal severe primary hyperparathyroidism (NSPHPT) is disorder characterized by severe hypercalcemia and severe hyperparathyroidism resulting from a loss of function of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), encoded by a gene located on the long arm of chromosome 3 (3q-13.3-21). It can be fatal if timely management is not initiated. Clinical Description: A 10-day-old exclusively breastfed girl presented with poor feeding, constipation, and lethargy for 2–3 days before admission. She was born of third-degree consanguinity to a primiparous woman with normal gestation. Born at term, with a birth weight of 3.1 kg, she was discharged uneventfully on day 3 of life. At admission, she was hemodynamically stable and normothermic but exhibited tachypnea, dehydrated with 15% weight loss as compared to birth weight, lethargy, and hypotonia. Salient investigations showed euglycemia, no dyselectrolytemia, and negative sepsis screen, but severe hypercalcemia and hyperparathyroidism. A final diagnosis of NSPHPT was made. Clinical exome sequencing showed homozygous CaSR gene frameshift mutation on chromosome 3. Management: Hypercalcemia was managed initially by standard protocol, including furosemide, hyperhydration, bisphosphonates, and cinacalcet. Subsequently, parathyroidectomy was performed at 2 months of age. Postoperatively, the infant is 5 months old and thriving well. Conclusion: NSPHPT should be considered in the presence of features of clinical sepsis, failure to timely regain birth weight, and a profile suggesting atypical calcium homeostasis. |
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